# Camera and Gallery

# Taking full-sized photo from camera

To take a photo, first we need to declare required permissions in AndroidManifest.xml. We need two permissions:

Camera - to open camera app. If attribute required is set to true you will not be able to install this app if you don't have hardware camera.
WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE - This permission is required to create new file, in which captured photo will be saved.

# AndroidManifest.xml

<uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.camera"
          android:required="true" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>

The main idea in taking full-sized photo from camera is that we need to create new file for photo, before we open camera app and capture photo.

private void dispatchTakePictureIntent() {
    Intent takePictureIntent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
    // Ensure that there's a camera activity to handle the intent
    if (takePictureIntent.resolveActivity(getPackageManager()) != null) {
        // Create the File where the photo should go
        File photoFile = null;
        try {
            photoFile = createImageFile();
        } catch (IOException ex) {
            Log.e("DEBUG_TAG", "createFile", ex);
        }
        // Continue only if the File was successfully created
        if (photoFile != null) {
            takePictureIntent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, Uri.fromFile(photoFile));
            startActivityForResult(takePictureIntent, REQUEST_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
        }
    }
}

private File createImageFile() throws IOException {
    // Create an image file name
    String timeStamp = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMdd_HHmmss", Locale.getDefault()).format(new Date());
    String imageFileName = "JPEG_" + timeStamp + "_";
    File storageDir = getAlbumDir();
    File image = File.createTempFile(
            imageFileName,  /* prefix */
            ".jpg",         /* suffix */
            storageDir      /* directory */
    );

    // Save a file: path for use with ACTION_VIEW intents
    mCurrentPhotoPath = image.getAbsolutePath();
    return image;
}

private File getAlbumDir() {
    File storageDir = null;

    if (Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED.equals(Environment.getExternalStorageState())) {

        storageDir = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()
                + "/dcim/"
                + "MyRecipes");

        if (!storageDir.mkdirs()) {
            if (!storageDir.exists()) {
                Log.d("CameraSample", "failed to create directory");
                return null;
            }
        }

    } else {
        Log.v(getString(R.string.app_name), "External storage is not mounted READ/WRITE.");
    }

    return storageDir;
}

private void setPic() {

    /* There isn't enough memory to open up more than a couple camera photos */
    /* So pre-scale the target bitmap into which the file is decoded */

    /* Get the size of the ImageView */
    int targetW = recipeImage.getWidth();
    int targetH = recipeImage.getHeight();

    /* Get the size of the image */
    BitmapFactory.Options bmOptions = new BitmapFactory.Options();
    bmOptions.inJustDecodeBounds = true;
    BitmapFactory.decodeFile(mCurrentPhotoPath, bmOptions);
    int photoW = bmOptions.outWidth;
    int photoH = bmOptions.outHeight;

    /* Figure out which way needs to be reduced less */
    int scaleFactor = 2;
    if ((targetW > 0) && (targetH > 0)) {
        scaleFactor = Math.max(photoW / targetW, photoH / targetH);
    }

    /* Set bitmap options to scale the image decode target */
    bmOptions.inJustDecodeBounds = false;
    bmOptions.inSampleSize = scaleFactor;
    bmOptions.inPurgeable = true;

    Matrix matrix = new Matrix();
    matrix.postRotate(getRotation());

    /* Decode the JPEG file into a Bitmap */
    Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(mCurrentPhotoPath, bmOptions);
    bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(bitmap, 0, 0, bitmap.getWidth(), bitmap.getHeight(), matrix, false);

    /* Associate the Bitmap to the ImageView */
    recipeImage.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
}

private float getRotation() {
    try {
        ExifInterface ei = new ExifInterface(mCurrentPhotoPath);
        int orientation = ei.getAttributeInt(ExifInterface.TAG_ORIENTATION, ExifInterface.ORIENTATION_NORMAL);

        switch (orientation) {
            case ExifInterface.ORIENTATION_ROTATE_90:
                return 90f;
            case ExifInterface.ORIENTATION_ROTATE_180:
                return 180f;
            case ExifInterface.ORIENTATION_ROTATE_270:
                return 270f;
            default:
                return 0f;
        }
    } catch (Exception e) {
        Log.e("Add Recipe", "getRotation", e);
        return 0f;
    }
}

private void galleryAddPic() {
    Intent mediaScanIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_MEDIA_SCANNER_SCAN_FILE);
    File f = new File(mCurrentPhotoPath);
    Uri contentUri = Uri.fromFile(f);
    mediaScanIntent.setData(contentUri);
    sendBroadcast(mediaScanIntent);
}

private void handleBigCameraPhoto() {

    if (mCurrentPhotoPath != null) {
        setPic();
        galleryAddPic();
    }
}


@Override
public void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
    super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
    if (requestCode == REQUEST_IMAGE_CAPTURE && resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK) {
        handleBigCameraPhoto();
    }
}

# Take photo

Add a permission to access the camera to the AndroidManifest file:

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA"></uses-permission>  
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />

Xml file :

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    >
<SurfaceView android:id="@+id/surfaceView" android:layout_height="0dip" android:layout_width="0dip"></SurfaceView>
<ImageView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:id="@+id/imageView"></ImageView>
</LinearLayout>

Activity

import java.io.IOException;  
  
import android.app.Activity;  
import android.graphics.Bitmap;  
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;  
import android.hardware.Camera;  
import android.hardware.Camera.Parameters;  
import android.os.Bundle;  
import android.view.SurfaceHolder;  
import android.view.SurfaceView;  
import android.widget.ImageView;  
  
public class TakePicture extends Activity implements SurfaceHolder.Callback  
{  
    //a variable to store a reference to the Image View at the main.xml file  
    private ImageView iv_image;  
    //a variable to store a reference to the Surface View at the main.xml file  
    private SurfaceView sv;  
  
    //a bitmap to display the captured image  
    private Bitmap bmp;  
  
    //Camera variables  
    //a surface holder  
    private SurfaceHolder sHolder;  
    //a variable to control the camera  
    private Camera mCamera;  
    //the camera parameters  
    private Parameters parameters;  
  
    /** Called when the activity is first created. */  
    @Override  
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)  
    {  
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);  
        setContentView(R.layout.main);  
  
        //get the Image View at the main.xml file  
        iv_image = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imageView);  
  
        //get the Surface View at the main.xml file  
        sv = (SurfaceView) findViewById(R.id.surfaceView);  
  
        //Get a surface  
        sHolder = sv.getHolder();  
  
        //add the callback interface methods defined below as the Surface View callbacks  
        sHolder.addCallback(this);  
  
        //tells Android that this surface will have its data constantly replaced  
        sHolder.setType(SurfaceHolder.SURFACE_TYPE_PUSH_BUFFERS);  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder arg0, int arg1, int arg2, int arg3)  
    {  
         //get camera parameters  
         parameters = mCamera.getParameters();  
  
         //set camera parameters  
         mCamera.setParameters(parameters);  
         mCamera.startPreview();  
  
         //sets what code should be executed after the picture is taken  
         Camera.PictureCallback mCall = new Camera.PictureCallback()  
         {  
             @Override  
             public void onPictureTaken(byte[] data, Camera camera)  
             {  
                 //decode the data obtained by the camera into a Bitmap  
                 bmp = BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(data, 0, data.length);  
                String filename=Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()
                                + File.separator + "testimage.jpg";
                FileOutputStream out = null;
                try {
                    out = new FileOutputStream(filename);
                    bmp.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, 100, out); // bmp is your Bitmap instance
                    // PNG is a lossless format, the compression factor (100) is ignored
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } finally {
                    try {
                        if (out != null) {
                            out.close();
                        }
                    } catch (IOException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
                 //set the iv_image  
                 iv_image.setImageBitmap(bmp);  
             }  
         };  
  
         mCamera.takePicture(null, null, mCall);  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder)  
    {  
        // The Surface has been created, acquire the camera and tell it where  
        // to draw the preview.  
        mCamera = Camera.open();  
        try {  
           mCamera.setPreviewDisplay(holder);  
  
        } catch (IOException exception) {  
            mCamera.release();  
            mCamera = null;  
        }  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder)  
    {  
        //stop the preview  
        mCamera.stopPreview();  
        //release the camera  
        mCamera.release();  
        //unbind the camera from this object  
        mCamera = null;  
    }  
}

# How to start camera or gallery and save camera result to storage

First of all you need Uri and temp Folders and request codes :

public final int REQUEST_SELECT_PICTURE = 0x01;
public final int REQUEST_CODE_TAKE_PICTURE = 0x2;
public static String TEMP_PHOTO_FILE_NAME ="photo_";
Uri mImageCaptureUri;
File mFileTemp;

Then init mFileTemp :

public void initTempFile(){
    String state = Environment.getExternalStorageState();
    if (Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED.equals(state)) {

        mFileTemp = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + File.separator
                + getResources().getString(R.string.app_foldername) + File.separator
                + getResources().getString(R.string.pictures_folder)
                , TEMP_PHOTO_FILE_NAME
                + System.currentTimeMillis() + ".jpg");
        mFileTemp.getParentFile().mkdirs();
    } else {
        mFileTemp = new File(getFilesDir() + File.separator
                + getResources().getString(R.string.app_foldername)
                + File.separator + getResources().getString(R.string.pictures_folder)
                , TEMP_PHOTO_FILE_NAME + System.currentTimeMillis() + ".jpg");
        mFileTemp.getParentFile().mkdirs();
    }
}

Opening Camera and Gallery intents :

public void openCamera(){
    Intent intent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
    try {
        mImageCaptureUri = null;
        String state = Environment.getExternalStorageState();
        if (Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED.equals(state)) {
            mImageCaptureUri = Uri.fromFile(mFileTemp);

        } else {

            mImageCaptureUri = InternalStorageContentProvider.CONTENT_URI;

        }
        intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, mImageCaptureUri);
        intent.putExtra("return-data", true);
        startActivityForResult(intent, REQUEST_CODE_TAKE_PICTURE);
    } catch (Exception e) {

        Log.d("error", "cannot take picture", e);
    }
}

public void openGallery(){
    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.JELLY_BEAN
            && ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)
            != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
        requestPermission(Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
                getString(R.string.permission_read_storage_rationale),
                REQUEST_STORAGE_READ_ACCESS_PERMISSION);
    } else {
        Intent intent = new Intent();
        intent.setType("image/*");
        intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);
        intent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_OPENABLE);
        startActivityForResult(Intent.createChooser(intent, getString(R.string.select_image)), REQUEST_SELECT_PICTURE);
    }

}

Then in onActivityResult method :

@Override
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {

    if (resultCode != RESULT_OK) {
        return;
    }
    Bitmap bitmap;

    switch (requestCode) {

        case REQUEST_SELECT_PICTURE:
            try {
                Uri uri = data.getData();
                try {
                    bitmap = MediaStore.Images.Media.getBitmap(getContentResolver(), uri);
                    Bitmap bitmapScaled = Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(bitmap, 800, 800, true);
                    Drawable drawable=new BitmapDrawable(bitmapScaled);
                    mImage.setImageDrawable(drawable);
                    mImage.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    Log.v("act result", "there is an error : "+e.getContent());
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                Log.v("act result", "there is an error : "+e.getContent());
            }
            break;
        case REQUEST_CODE_TAKE_PICTURE:
            try{
               Bitmap bitmappicture = MediaStore.Images.Media.getBitmap(getContentResolver() , mImageCaptureUri);
               mImage.setImageBitmap(bitmappicture);
               mImage.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
           }catch (IOException e){
              Log.v("error camera",e.getMessage());
           }
           break; 
    }
    super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
}

You need theese permissions in AndroidManifest.xml :

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" />

And you need to handle runtime permissions (opens new window) such as Read/Write external storage etc ...

I am checking READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE permission in my openGallery method :

My requestPermission method :

protected void requestPermission(final String permission, String rationale, final int requestCode) {
    if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this, permission)) {
        showAlertDialog(getString(R.string.permission_title_rationale), rationale,
                new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                    @Override
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                        ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(BasePermissionActivity.this,
                                new String[]{permission}, requestCode);
                    }
                }, getString(android.R.string.ok), null, getString(android.R.string.cancel));
    } else {
        ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{permission}, requestCode);
    }
}

Then Override onRequestPermissionsResult method :

@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
    switch (requestCode) {
        case REQUEST_STORAGE_READ_ACCESS_PERMISSION:
            if (grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                handleGallery();
            }
            break;
        default:
            super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
    }
}

showAlertDialog method :

protected void showAlertDialog(@Nullable String title, @Nullable String message,
                               @Nullable DialogInterface.OnClickListener onPositiveButtonClickListener,
                               @NonNull String positiveText,
                               @Nullable DialogInterface.OnClickListener onNegativeButtonClickListener,
                               @NonNull String negativeText) {
    AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(this);
    builder.setTitle(title);
    builder.setMessage(message);
    builder.setPositiveButton(positiveText, onPositiveButtonClickListener);
    builder.setNegativeButton(negativeText, onNegativeButtonClickListener);
    mAlertDialog = builder.show();
}

# Set camera resolution

Set High resolution programmatically.

Camera mCamera = Camera.open();
Camera.Parameters params = mCamera.getParameters();

// Check what resolutions are supported by your camera
List<Size> sizes = params.getSupportedPictureSizes();

// Iterate through all available resolutions and choose one.
// The chosen resolution will be stored in mSize.
Size mSize;
for (Size size : sizes) {
    Log.i(TAG, "Available resolution: "+size.width+" "+size.height);
        mSize = size;
    }
}

Log.i(TAG, "Chosen resolution: "+mSize.width+" "+mSize.height);
params.setPictureSize(mSize.width, mSize.height);
mCamera.setParameters(params);

# Decode bitmap correctly rotated from the uri fetched with the intent

private static final String TAG = "IntentBitmapFetch";
private static final String COLON_SEPARATOR = ":";
private static final String IMAGE = "image";

@Nullable
public Bitmap getBitmap(@NonNull Uri bitmapUri, int maxDimen) {
    InputStream is = context.getContentResolver().openInputStream(bitmapUri);
    Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(is, null, getBitmapOptions(bitmapUri, maxDimen));
    
    int imgRotation = getImageRotationDegrees(bitmapUri);

    int endRotation = (imgRotation < 0) ? -imgRotation : imgRotation;
    endRotation %= 360;
    endRotation = 90 * (endRotation / 90);
    if (endRotation > 0 && bitmap != null) {
        Matrix m = new Matrix();
        m.setRotate(endRotation);
        Bitmap tmp = Bitmap.createBitmap(bitmap, 0, 0, bitmap.getWidth(), bitmap.getHeight(), m, true);
        if (tmp != null) {
            bitmap.recycle();
            bitmap = tmp;
        }
    }

    return bitmap;
}

private BitmapFactory.Options getBitmapOptions(Uri uri, int imageMaxDimen){
    BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
    if (imageMaxDimen > 0) {
        options.inJustDecodeBounds = true;
        decodeImage(null, uri, options);
        options.inSampleSize = calculateScaleFactor(options, imageMaxDimen);
        options.inJustDecodeBounds = false;
        options.inPreferredConfig = Bitmap.Config.RGB_565;
        addInBitmapOptions(options);
    }
}

private int calculateScaleFactor(@NonNull BitmapFactory.Options bitmapOptionsMeasureOnly, int imageMaxDimen) {
    int inSampleSize = 1;
    if (bitmapOptionsMeasureOnly.outHeight > imageMaxDimen || bitmapOptionsMeasureOnly.outWidth > imageMaxDimen) {
        final int halfHeight = bitmapOptionsMeasureOnly.outHeight / 2;
        final int halfWidth = bitmapOptionsMeasureOnly.outWidth / 2;
        while ((halfHeight / inSampleSize) > imageMaxDimen && (halfWidth / inSampleSize) > imageMaxDimen) {
            inSampleSize *= 2;
        }
    }
    return inSampleSize;
}

    public int getImageRotationDegrees(@NonNull Uri imgUri) {
    int photoRotation = ExifInterface.ORIENTATION_UNDEFINED;

    try {
        boolean hasRotation = false;
        //If image comes from the gallery and is not in the folder DCIM (Scheme: content://)
        String[] projection = {MediaStore.Images.ImageColumns.ORIENTATION};
        Cursor cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(imgUri, projection, null, null, null);
        if (cursor != null) {
            if (cursor.getColumnCount() > 0 && cursor.moveToFirst()) {
                photoRotation = cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex(projection[0]));
                hasRotation = photoRotation != 0;
                Log.d("Cursor orientation: "+ photoRotation);
            }
            cursor.close();
        }

        //If image comes from the camera (Scheme: file://) or is from the folder DCIM (Scheme: content://)
        if (!hasRotation) {
            ExifInterface exif = new ExifInterface(getAbsolutePath(imgUri));
            int exifRotation = exif.getAttributeInt(ExifInterface.TAG_ORIENTATION,
                    ExifInterface.ORIENTATION_NORMAL);
            switch (exifRotation) {
                case ExifInterface.ORIENTATION_ROTATE_90: {
                    photoRotation = 90;
                    break;
                }
                case ExifInterface.ORIENTATION_ROTATE_180: {
                    photoRotation = 180;
                    break;
                }
                case ExifInterface.ORIENTATION_ROTATE_270: {
                    photoRotation = 270;
                    break;
                }
            }
            Log.d(TAG, "Exif orientation: "+ photoRotation);
        }
    } catch (IOException e) {
        Log.e(TAG, "Error determining rotation for image"+ imgUri, e);
    }
    return photoRotation;
}

@TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT)
private String getAbsolutePath(Uri uri) {
    //Code snippet edited from: http://stackoverflow.com/a/20559418/2235133
    String filePath = uri.getPath();
    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT && DocumentsContract.isDocumentUri(context, uri)) {
        // Will return "image:x*"
        String[] wholeID = TextUtils.split(DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri), COLON_SEPARATOR);
        // Split at colon, use second item in the array
        String type = wholeID[0];
        if (IMAGE.equalsIgnoreCase(type)) {//If it not type image, it means it comes from a remote location, like Google Photos
            String id = wholeID[1];
            String[] column = {MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA};
            // where id is equal to
            String sel = MediaStore.Images.Media._ID + "=?";
            Cursor cursor = context.getContentResolver().
                    query(MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI,
                            column, sel, new String[]{id}, null);
            if (cursor != null) {
                int columnIndex = cursor.getColumnIndex(column[0]);
                if (cursor.moveToFirst()) {
                    filePath = cursor.getString(columnIndex);
                }
                cursor.close();
            }
            Log.d(TAG, "Fetched absolute path for uri" + uri);
        }
    }
    return filePath;
}

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