DevTut

# Single Element Shapes

# Triangles

To create a CSS triangle define an element with a width and height of 0 pixels. The triangle shape will be formed using border properties. For an element with 0 height and width the 4 borders (top, right, bottom, left) each form a triangle. Here's an element with 0 height/width and 4 different colored borders.

enter image description here (opens new window)

By setting some borders to transparent, and others to a color we can create various triangles. For example, in the Up triangle, we set the bottom border to the desired color, then set the left and right borders to transparent. Here's an image with the left and right borders shaded slightly to show how the triangle is being formed.

enter image description here (opens new window)

The dimensions of the triangle can be altered by changing the different border widths - taller, shorter, lopsided, etc. The examples below all show a 50x50 pixel triangle.

Triangle - Pointing Up

enter image description here (opens new window)

<div class="triangle-up"></div>


.triangle-up {
  width: 0;
  height: 0;
  border-left: 25px solid transparent;
  border-right: 25px solid transparent;
  border-bottom: 50px solid rgb(246, 156, 85);
}

Triangle - Pointing Down

enter image description here (opens new window)

<div class="triangle-down"></div>


.triangle-down {
  width: 0;
  height: 0;
  border-left: 25px solid transparent;
  border-right: 25px solid transparent;
  border-top: 50px solid rgb(246, 156, 85);
}

Triangle - Pointing Right

enter image description here (opens new window)

<div class="triangle-right"></div>


.triangle-right {
  width: 0;
  height: 0;
  border-top: 25px solid transparent;
  border-bottom: 25px solid transparent;
  border-left: 50px solid rgb(246, 156, 85);
}

Triangle - Pointing Left

enter image description here (opens new window)

<div class="triangle-left"></div>


.triangle-left {
  width: 0;
  height: 0;
  border-top: 25px solid transparent;
  border-bottom: 25px solid transparent;
  border-right: 50px solid rgb(246, 156, 85);
}

Triangle - Pointing Up/Right

enter image description here (opens new window)

<div class="triangle-up-right"></div>


.triangle-up-right {
  width: 0;
  height: 0;
  border-top: 50px solid rgb(246, 156, 85);
  border-left: 50px solid transparent;
}

Triangle - Pointing Up/Left

enter image description here (opens new window)

<div class="triangle-up-left"></div>


.triangle-up-left {
  width: 0;
  height: 0;
  border-top: 50px solid rgb(246, 156, 85);
  border-right: 50px solid transparent;
}

Triangle - Pointing Down/Right

enter image description here (opens new window)

<div class="triangle-down-right"></div>


.triangle-down-right {
  width: 0;
  height: 0;
  border-bottom: 50px solid rgb(246, 156, 85);
  border-left: 50px solid transparent;
}

Triangle - Pointing Down/Left

enter image description here (opens new window)

<div class="triangle-down-left"></div>


.triangle-down-left {
  width: 0;
  height: 0;
  border-bottom: 50px solid rgb(246, 156, 85);
  border-right: 50px solid transparent;
}

# Trapezoid

A trapezoid can be made by a block element with zero height (height of 0px), a width greater than zero and a border, that is transparent except for one side:

Trapezoid (opens new window)

HTML:

<div class="trapezoid"></div>

CSS:

.trapezoid {
    width: 50px;
    height: 0;
    border-left: 50px solid transparent;
    border-right: 50px solid transparent;
    border-bottom: 100px solid black;
}

With changing the border sides, the orientation of the trapezoid can be adjusted.

# Circles and Ellipses

# Circle

To create a circle, define an element with an equal width and height (a square (opens new window)) and then set the border-radius property of this element to 50%.

Screenshot

HTML

<div class="circle"></div>

CSS

.circle {
   width: 50px;
   height: 50px;
   background: rgb(246, 156, 85);
   border-radius: 50%;
}

# Ellipse

An ellipse is similar to a circle, but with different values for width and height.

Screenshot

HTML

<div class="oval"></div>

CSS

.oval {
  width: 50px;
  height: 80px;
  background: rgb(246, 156, 85);
  border-radius: 50%;
}

# Bursts

A burst is similar to a star but with the points extending less distance from the body. Think of a burst shape as a square with additional, slightly rotated, squares layered on top.

The additional squares are created using the ::before and ::after psuedo-elements.

8 Point Burst

An 8 point burst are 2 layered squares. The bottom square is the element itself, the additional square is created using the :before pseudo-element. The bottom is rotated 20°, the top square is rotated 135°.

enter image description here (opens new window)

<div class="burst-8"></div>

.burst-8 {
  background: rgb(246, 156, 85);
  width: 40px;
  height: 40px;
  position: relative;
  text-align: center;
  -ms-transform: rotate(20deg);
  transform: rotate(20eg);
}

.burst-8::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  height: 40px;
  width: 40px;
  background: rgb(246, 156, 85);
  -ms-transform: rotate(135deg);
  transform: rotate(135deg);
}

12 Point Burst

An 12 point burst are 3 layered squares. The bottom square is the element itself, the additional squares are created using the :before and :after pseudo-elements. The bottom is rotated 0°, the next square is rotated 30°, and the top is rotated 60°.

enter image description here (opens new window)

<div class="burst-12"></div>

.burst-12 {
  width: 40px;
  height: 40px;
  position: relative;
  text-align: center;
  background: rgb(246, 156, 85);
}

.burst-12::before, .burst-12::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  height: 40px;
  width: 40px;
  background: rgb(246, 156, 85);
}

.burst-12::before {
  -ms-transform: rotate(30deg);
  transform: rotate(30deg);
}

.burst-12::after {
  -ms-transform: rotate(60deg);
  transform: rotate(60deg);
}

# Square

To create a square, define an element with both a width and height. In the example below, we have an element with a width and height of 100 pixels each.

a square (opens new window)

<div class="square"></div>


.square {
    width: 100px;
    height: 100px;
    background: rgb(246, 156, 85);
}

# Cube

This example shows how to create a cube using 2D transformation methods skewX() and skewY() on pseudo elements.

enter image description here (opens new window)

HTML:

<div class="cube"></div>

CSS:

.cube {
  background: #dc2e2e;
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  position: relative;
  margin: 50px;
}

.cube::before {
  content: '';
  display: inline-block;
  background: #f15757;
  width: 100px;
  height: 20px;
  transform: skewX(-40deg);
  position: absolute;
  top: -20px;
  left: 8px;
}

.cube::after {
  content: '';
  display: inline-block;
  background: #9e1515;
  width: 16px;
  height: 100px;
  transform: skewY(-50deg);
  position: absolute;
  top: -10px;
  left: 100%;
}

See demo (opens new window)

# Pyramid

This example shows how to create a pyramid using borders and 2D transformation methods skewY() and rotate() on pseudo elements.

Pyramid (opens new window)

HTML:

<div class="pyramid"></div>

CSS:

.pyramid {
  width: 100px;
  height: 200px;
  position: relative;
  margin: 50px;
}

.pyramid::before,.pyramid::after {
  content: '';
  display: inline-block;
  width: 0;
  height: 0;
  border: 50px solid;
  position: absolute;
}

.pyramid::before {
  border-color: transparent transparent #ff5656 transparent;
  transform: scaleY(2) skewY(-40deg) rotate(45deg);
}

.pyramid::after {
  border-color: transparent transparent #d64444 transparent;
  transform: scaleY(2) skewY(40deg) rotate(-45deg);
}

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