Xamarin.Android - Bluetooth communication

In Xamarin.Android the BluetoothSocket.InputStream and BluetoothSocket.OutputStream properties are by design automatically converted to System.IO.Stream. In case of so called interactive communication protocol, when server responds only when client talks to it, System.IO.Stream is not good because it has no method or property to get the number of available response bytes before reading the response.

Send and receive data from and to bluetooth device using socket

The below example uses Android.Runtime.InputStreamInvoker (opens new window) and Android.Runtime.OutputStreamInvoker (opens new window) types obtain Java.IO.InputStream (opens new window) and Java.IO.OutputStream (opens new window). Once we have a Java.IO.InputStream instance, we can use its .Available() method to get the number of available response bytes which we can use in .Read() method:

byte[] Talk2BTsocket(BluetoothSocket socket, byte[] cmd, Mutex _mx, int timeOut = 150)
{
    var buf = new byte[0x20];

    _mx.WaitOne();
    try
    {
        using (var ost = socket.OutputStream)
        {
            var _ost = (ost as OutputStreamInvoker).BaseOutputStream;
            _ost.Write(cmd, 0, cmd.Length);
        }

        // needed because when skipped, it can cause no or invalid data on input stream
        Thread.Sleep(timeOut);

        using (var ist = socket.InputStream)
        {
            var _ist = (ist as InputStreamInvoker).BaseInputStream;
            var aa = 0;
            if ((aa = _ist.Available()) > 0)
            {
                var nn = _ist.Read(buf, 0, aa);
                System.Array.Resize(ref buf, nn);
            }
        }
    }
    catch (System.Exception ex)
    {
        DisplayAlert(ex.Message);
    }
    finally
    {
        _mx.ReleaseMutex();     // must be called here !!!
    }

    return buf;
}

Parameters

Parameter	Details
socket	An instance of BluetoothSocket object. Socket must be opened before call this method.
cmd	Command as a byte array to send to BT device.
_mx	Since this method uses a hardware resource, it is better to call it from a separate worker thread. This parameter is an instance of System.Threading.Mutex object and is used to synchronize the thread with other threads optionally calling this method.
timeOut	Wait time in milliseconds between Write and Read operations.