Prototypes, objects

In the conventional JS there are no class instead we have prototypes. Like the class, prototype inherits the properties including the methods and the variables declared in the class. We can create the new instance of the object when ever it is necessary by , Object.create(PrototypeName); (we can give the value for the constructor as well)

Creation and initialising Prototype

var Human = function() {
  this.canWalk = true;
  this.canSpeak = true; // 

};

Person.prototype.greet = function() {
  if (this.canSpeak) { // checks whether this prototype has instance of speak
    this.name = "Steve"
    console.log('Hi, I am ' + this.name);
  } else{
     console.log('Sorry i can not speak');
  }
};

The prototype can be instantiated like this

obj = Object.create(Person.prototype);
ob.greet();

We can pass value for the constructor and make the boolean true and false based on the requirement.

Detailed Explanation

var Human = function() {
    this.canSpeak = true;
};
// Basic greet function which will greet based on the canSpeak flag
Human.prototype.greet = function() {
    if (this.canSpeak) {
        console.log('Hi, I am ' + this.name);
    }
};

var Student = function(name, title) {
    Human.call(this); // Instantiating the Human object and getting the memebers of the class
    this.name = name; // inherting the name from the human class
    this.title = title; // getting the title from the called function
};

Student.prototype = Object.create(Human.prototype);
Student.prototype.constructor = Student;

Student.prototype.greet = function() {
    if (this.canSpeak) {
        console.log('Hi, I am ' + this.name + ', the ' + this.title);
    }
};

var Customer = function(name) {
    Human.call(this); // inherting from the base class
    this.name = name;
};

Customer.prototype = Object.create(Human.prototype); // creating the object
Customer.prototype.constructor = Customer;


var bill = new Student('Billy', 'Teacher');
var carter = new Customer('Carter');
var andy = new Student('Andy', 'Bill');
var virat = new Customer('Virat');

bill.greet();
// Hi, I am Bob, the Teacher

carter.greet();
// Hi, I am Carter

andy.greet();
// Hi, I am Andy, the Bill

virat.greet();