# Browsing the history
# Prettier log
To see the log in a prettier graph-like structure use:
git log --decorate --oneline --graph
sample output :
* e0c1cea (HEAD -> maint, tag: v2.9.3, origin/maint) Git 2.9.3
* 9b601ea Merge branch 'jk/difftool-in-subdir' into maint
|\
| * 32b8c58 difftool: use Git::* functions instead of passing around state
| * 98f917e difftool: avoid $GIT_DIR and $GIT_WORK_TREE
| * 9ec26e7 difftool: fix argument handling in subdirs
* | f4fd627 Merge branch 'jk/reset-ident-time-per-commit' into maint
...
Since it's a pretty big command, you can assign an alias:
git config --global alias.lol "log --decorate --oneline --graph"
To use the alias version:
# history of current branch :
git lol
# combined history of active branch (HEAD), develop and origin/master branches :
git lol HEAD develop origin/master
# combined history of everything in your repo :
git lol --all
# "Regular" Git Log
git log
will display all your commits with the author and hash. This will be shown over multiple lines per commit. (If you wish to show a single line per commit, look at onelineing (opens new window)). Use the q key to exit the log.
By default, with no arguments, git log lists the commits made in that repository in reverse chronological order – that is, the most recent commits show up first. As you can see, this command lists each commit with its SHA-1 checksum, the author’s name and email, the date written, and the commit message. - [**source**](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Basics-Viewing-the-Commit-History)
Example (from Free Code Camp (opens new window) repository):
commit 87ef97f59e2a2f4dc425982f76f14a57d0900bcf
Merge: e50ff0d eb8b729
Author: Brian <sludge256@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Thu Mar 24 15:52:07 2016 -0700
Merge pull request #7724 from BKinahan/fix/where-art-thou
Fix 'its' typo in Where Art Thou description
commit eb8b7298d516ea20a4aadb9797c7b6fd5af27ea5
Author: BKinahan <b.kinahan@gmail.com>
Date: Thu Mar 24 21:11:36 2016 +0000
Fix 'its' typo in Where Art Thou description
commit e50ff0d249705f41f55cd435f317dcfd02590ee7
Merge: 6b01875 2652d04
Author: Mrugesh Mohapatra <raisedadead@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Thu Mar 24 14:26:04 2016 +0530
Merge pull request #7718 from deathsythe47/fix/unnecessary-comma
Remove unnecessary comma from CONTRIBUTING.md
If you wish to limit your command to last n commits log you can simply pass a parameter. For example, if you wish to list last 2 commits logs
git log -2
# Oneline log
git log --oneline
will show all of your commits with only the first part of the hash and the commit message. Each commit will be in a single line, as the oneline flag suggests.
The oneline option prints each commit on a single line, which is useful if you’re looking at a lot of commits. - source (opens new window)
Example (from Free Code Camp (opens new window) repository, with the same section of code from the other example):
87ef97f Merge pull request #7724 from BKinahan/fix/where-art-thou
eb8b729 Fix 'its' typo in Where Art Thou description
e50ff0d Merge pull request #7718 from deathsythe47/fix/unnecessary-comma
2652d04 Remove unnecessary comma from CONTRIBUTING.md
6b01875 Merge pull request #7667 from zerkms/patch-1
766f088 Fixed assignment operator terminology
d1e2468 Merge pull request #7690 from BKinahan/fix/unsubscribe-crash
bed9de2 Merge pull request #7657 from Rafase282/fix/
If you wish to limit you command to last n commits log you can simply pass a parameter. For example, if you wish to list last 2 commits logs
git log -2 --oneline
# Colorize Logs
git log --graph --pretty=format:'%C(red)%h%Creset -%C(yellow)%d%Creset %s %C(green)(%cr) %C(yellow)<%an>%Creset'
The format option allows you to specify your own log output format:
| Parameter | Details |
|---|---|
%C(color_name) | option colors the output that comes after it |
%h or %H | abbreviates commit hash (use %H for complete hash) |
%Creset | resets color to default terminal color |
%d | ref names |
%s | subject [commit message] |
%cr | committer date, relative to current date |
%an | author name |
# Log search
git log -S"#define SAMPLES"
Searches for addition or removal of specific string or the string matching provided REGEXP. In this case we're looking for addition/removal of the string #define SAMPLES. For example:
+#define SAMPLES 100000
or
-#define SAMPLES 100000
git log -G"#define SAMPLES"
Searches for changes in lines containing specific string or the string matching provided REGEXP. For example:
-#define SAMPLES 100000
+#define SAMPLES 100000000
# List all contributions grouped by author name
git shortlog summarizes git log and groups by author
If no parameters are given, a list of all commits made per committer will be shown in chronological order.
$ git shortlog
Committer 1 (<number_of_commits>):
Commit Message 1
Commit Message 2
...
Committer 2 (<number_of_commits>):
Commit Message 1
Commit Message 2
...
To simply see the number of commits and suppress the commit description, pass in the summary option:
-s
--summary
$ git shortlog -s
<number_of_commits> Committer 1
<number_of_commits> Committer 2
To sort the output by number of commits instead of alphabetically by committer name, pass in the numbered option:
-n
--numbered
To add the email of a committer, add the email option:
-e
--email
A custom format option can also be provided if you want to display information other than the commit subject:
--format
This can be any string accepted by the --format option of git log.
See Colorizing Logs (opens new window) above for more information on this.
# Searching commit string in git log
Searching git log using some string in log:
git log [options] --grep "search_string"
Example:
git log --all --grep "removed file"
Will search for removed file string in all logs in all branches.
Starting from git 2.4+, the search can be inverted using the --invert-grep option.
Example:
git log --grep="add file" --invert-grep
Will show all commits that do not contain add file.
# Filter logs
git log --after '3 days ago'
Specific dates work too:
git log --after 2016-05-01
As with other commands and flags that accept a date parameter, the allowed date format is as supported by GNU date (highly flexible).
An alias to --after is --since.
Flags exist for the converse too: --before and --until.
You can also filter logs by author. e.g.
git log --author=author
# Log for a range of lines within a file
$ git log -L 1,20:index.html
commit 6a57fde739de66293231f6204cbd8b2feca3a869
Author: John Doe <john@doe.com>
Date: Tue Mar 22 16:33:42 2016 -0500
commit message
diff --git a/index.html b/index.html
--- a/index.html
+++ b/index.html
@@ -1,17 +1,20 @@
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html>
- <head>
- <meta charset="utf-8">
+
+<head>
+ <meta charset="utf-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
# Log with changes inline
To see the log with changes inline, use the -p or --patch options.
git log --patch
Example (from Trello Scientist (opens new window) repository)
ommit 8ea1452aca481a837d9504f1b2c77ad013367d25
Author: Raymond Chou <info@raychou.io>
Date: Wed Mar 2 10:35:25 2016 -0800
fix readme error link
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 1120a00..9bef0ce 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ the control function threw, but *after* testing the other functions and readying
the logging. The criteria for matching errors is based on the constructor and
message.
-You can find this full example at [examples/errors.js](examples/error.js).
+You can find this full example at [examples/errors.js](examples/errors.js).
## Asynchronous behaviors
commit d3178a22716cc35b6a2bdd679a7ec24bc8c63ffa
:
# Git Log Between Two Branches
git log master..foo will show the commits that are on foo and not on master. Helpful for seeing what commits you've added since branching!
# Log showing commited files
git log --stat
Example:
commit 4ded994d7fc501451fa6e233361887a2365b91d1
Author: Manassés Souza <manasses.inatel@gmail.com>
Date: Mon Jun 6 21:32:30 2016 -0300
MercadoLibre java-sdk dependency
mltracking-poc/.gitignore | 1 +
mltracking-poc/pom.xml | 14 ++++++++++++--
2 files changed, 13 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
commit 506fff56190f75bc051248770fb0bcd976e3f9a5
Author: Manassés Souza <manasses.inatel@gmail.com>
Date: Sat Jun 4 12:35:16 2016 -0300
[manasses] generated by SpringBoot initializr
.gitignore | 42 ++++++++++++
mltracking-poc/mvnw | 233 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
mltracking-poc/mvnw.cmd | 145 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
mltracking-poc/pom.xml | 74 ++++++++++++++++++++
mltracking-poc/src/main/java/br/com/mls/mltracking/MltrackingPocApplication.java | 12 ++++
mltracking-poc/src/main/resources/application.properties | 0
mltracking-poc/src/test/java/br/com/mls/mltracking/MltrackingPocApplicationTests.java | 18 +++++
7 files changed, 524 insertions(+)
# Show the contents of a single commit
Using git show (opens new window) we can view a single commit
git show 48c83b3
git show 48c83b3690dfc7b0e622fd220f8f37c26a77c934
Example
commit 48c83b3690dfc7b0e622fd220f8f37c26a77c934
Author: Matt Clark <mrclark32493@gmail.com>
Date: Wed May 4 18:26:40 2016 -0400
The commit message will be shown here.
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/jdm/api/jenkins/BuildStatus.java b/src/main/java/org/jdm/api/jenkins/BuildStatus.java
index 0b57e4a..fa8e6a5 100755
--- a/src/main/java/org/jdm/api/jenkins/BuildStatus.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/jdm/api/jenkins/BuildStatus.java
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ public enum BuildStatus {
colorMap.put(BuildStatus.UNSTABLE, Color.decode( "#FFFF55" ));
- colorMap.put(BuildStatus.SUCCESS, Color.decode( "#55FF55" ));
+ colorMap.put(BuildStatus.SUCCESS, Color.decode( "#33CC33" ));
colorMap.put(BuildStatus.BUILDING, Color.decode( "#5555FF" ));
# One line showing commiter name and time since commit
tree = log --oneline --decorate --source --pretty=format:'"%Cblue %h %Cgreen %ar %Cblue %an %C(yellow) %d %Creset %s"' --all --graph
example
* 40554ac 3 months ago Alexander Zolotov Merge pull request #95 from gmandnepr/external_plugins
|\
| * e509f61 3 months ago Ievgen Degtiarenko Documenting new property
| * 46d4cb6 3 months ago Ievgen Degtiarenko Running idea with external plugins
| * 6253da4 3 months ago Ievgen Degtiarenko Resolve external plugin classes
| * 9fdb4e7 3 months ago Ievgen Degtiarenko Keep original artifact name as this may be important for intellij
| * 22e82e4 3 months ago Ievgen Degtiarenko Declaring external plugin in intellij section
|/
* bc3d2cb 3 months ago Alexander Zolotov Ignore DTD in plugin.xml
# Syntax
- git log [options][revision range] [[--] path...]
# Parameters
| Parameter | Explanation |
|---|---|
| -q, --quiet | Quiet, suppresses diff output |
| --source | Shows source of commit |
| --use-mailmap | Use mail map file (changes user info for committing user) |
| --decorate[=...] | Decorate options |
| --L <n,m:file> | Show log for specific range of lines in a file, counting from 1. Starts from line n, goes to line m. Also shows diff. |
| --show-signature | Display signatures of signed commits |
| -i, --regexp-ignore-case | Match the regular expression limiting patterns without regard to letter case |
# Remarks
References and up-to-date documentation : git-log official documentation (opens new window)